Spring Turnout Checklist for Farmers 🌱🐄🐑
Spring turnout is one of the most important stages in the livestock farming calendar. It marks the shift from winter housing to grazing fresh grass. When managed well, turnout can improve animal performance, grass utilisation, and farm profitability. It can also reduce winter feed costs.
However, turnout needs careful planning. Poor timing or preparation can lead to digestive problems, parasite challenges, or pasture damage. By focusing on a few key areas, farmers can help ensure a smooth transition from housing to grass.
Assess Ground and Weather Conditions
The first decision is when fields are suitable for livestock. Turning cattle or sheep out onto wet ground can cause poaching and long-term pasture damage. This can affect grass growth for the rest of the season.
Ideally, turnout should begin when fields are firm and soil temperatures reach 5°C, you can measure this using a soil thermometer (Newthinking 5-in-1 Soil Moisture Meter) . At this point, grass growth is starting to increase. Many farmers choose to turn livestock out on drier paddocks or lighter soils first. These fields recover faster and reduce the risk of damage.
Weather should also be monitored closely. Late cold snaps or heavy rain can slow grass growth and create difficult conditions for animals.
Manage the Diet Transition
Animals moving from winter feed to fresh grass need time to adjust. Winter diets are usually based on silage, hay, or concentrates. Spring grass is very different. It is high in protein and moisture but lower in fibre.
A sudden change can lead to scours, bloat, or reduced performance. Gradual turnout helps reduce these risks. Many farmers start by turning animals out for a few hours each day. Silage or hay can still be offered during the first week.
Fresh water should always be available. Providing minerals or lick buckets can also support animals during this transition.
Plan Parasite Control Early
Spring turnout is also the starting point for parasite management. Worms can quickly become a problem for calves and lambs grazing fresh pasture.
Many farms now use faecal egg counts to monitor parasite levels before treatment. This helps ensure wormers are used only when needed. It also supports responsible parasite control.
Wet or poorly drained fields may increase the risk of liver fluke. Farmers should assess these areas carefully when planning grazing.
Prepare Fields and Infrastructure
Before livestock are turned out, it is important to check that fields are ready. Winter weather often causes damage to fences, gates, and water systems.
Walk paddocks and repair any weak fencing. Check that electric fences and energisers are working correctly. Gates should open and close safely.
Water supply is also essential. Clean troughs and make sure ball valves and pipes are working. Removing fallen branches, debris, or hazards from paddocks can reduce the risk of injury.
Plan Grass and Grazing Management
Early grazing decisions affect grass growth for the whole season. Overgrazing early paddocks can slow regrowth and reduce total grass production.
Many farmers use rotational grazing systems to manage this. Moving livestock between paddocks allows grass time to recover. It also improves pasture utilisation.
Spring is also a good time to review pasture condition. Weak paddocks may benefit from reseeding, fertiliser, or improved grazing management.
Monitor Livestock After Turnout
The first few days after turnout are important. Livestock should be checked regularly to ensure they are settling and grazing normally.
Watch for signs of bloat, scours, or animals that appear lethargic. Early action can prevent small problems from becoming serious health issues.
Download our MQ spring turnout checklist here
Want to know more about grass growth and how to plan your grazing? Read more